Reservoir origin and characterization of gas pools in intrusive rocks of the Yingcheng Formation,Songliao Basin,NE China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

In 2013, the first discovery of gas pools in well LS 208 in intrusive rocks of the Songliao Basin (SB), NE China was made in the 2nd member of the Yingcheng Formation in the Yingtai rift depression, proving that intrusive rocks of the SB have the potential for gas exploration. However, the mechanisms behind the origin of reservoirs in intrusive rocks need to be identified for effective gas exploration. The gas pool in intrusive rocks can be characterized as a low-abundance, high-temperature, normal-pressure, methane-rich, and lithologic pool based on integrated coring, logging, seismic, and oil test methods. The intrusive rocks show primary and secondary porosities, such as shrinkage fractures (SF), spongy pores (SP), secondary sieve pores (SSP), and tectonic fractures (TF). The reservoir is of the fracture–pore type with low porosity and permeability. A capillary pressure curve for mercury intrusion indicates small pore-throat size, negative skewness, medium–high displacement pressure, and middle–low mercury saturation. The development of fractures was found to be related to the quenching effects of emplacement and tectonic inversion during the middle–late Campanian. SP and SSP formed during two phases. The first phase occurred during emplacement of the intrusive rock in the late Albian, when the intrusions underwent alteration by organic acids. The second phase occurred between the early Cenomanian and middle Campanian, when the intrusions underwent alteration by carbonic acid. The SF formed prior to oil charging, the SSP + SP formed during oil charging, and the TF formed during the middle–late Campanian and promoted the distribution of gas pools throughout the reservoir. The intrusive rocks in the SB and the adjacent basins were emplaced in the mudstone and coal units, and have great potential for gas exploration.  相似文献   

Palynofacies classification of submarine fan depositional environments: Outcrop examples from the Marnoso-Arenacea Formation,Italy     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Basin floor fans contain some of the largest deep-water hydrocarbon accumulations discovered, however they also demonstrate extremely complex stratigraphic architecture, understanding of which is crucial for maximum recovery. Here we develop a new method, based upon palynofacies analysis, for the distinction of the different depositional environments that are commonly associated with basin floor fans. Previous studies and our sedimentological analysis allow good confidence in the discrimination of the different depositional environments of the outcropping Marnoso-Arenacea Formation fan system. One hundred and thirty-five samples were collected from mudstones in conjunction with sedimentary logging of 871 m of outcrops. Six lithofacies associations are described and interpreted to represent lobe axis, lobe fringe, fan fringe, contained interlobe, basin plain, and starved high depositional sub-environments. Palynofacies of these elements demonstrate turbidites to be rich in terrestrial organic matter, with sixteen categories of matter recognised. The abundances and proportions of particles varies between sub-environments, with lobe axis deposits containing the largest, densest particles, with a transition to ever smaller and lighter particles moving toward the basin plain. Fuzzy C-means statistical analysis was used to explore this trend. Distribution of organic matter is not random, but is dominated by hydrodynamic sorting and sequential fall-out of particles as turbidity currents passed across the basin. This allows a palynofacies classification scheme to be constructed to assist the identification of depositional environments of submarine fans, which may be combined with subsurface data to assist reservoir characterisation.  相似文献   

New insights into the carbonate karstic fault system and reservoir formation in the Southern Tahe area of the Tarim Basin     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

As worldwide hydrocarbon exploration has extended from shallowly to deeply buried strata, reservoir quality has attracted substantial and persistent interest in petroleum geology. In particular, deeply buried strata (>5500 m) in the Tarim Basin have attracted considerable attention because carbonate reservoirs that have experienced fracture or dissolution have also been shown to demonstrate considerable hydrocarbon potential. Therefore, it is necessary to determine how these reservoirs are developed and distributed in detail from both scientific and practical standpoints.In this paper, we address this issue using a case study in the southern Tahe area, which is contained within the largest Palaeozoic marine oilfield in China. In the northern Tahe area, mega-paleokarst systems developed in the Ordovician strata; however, the reservoir quality in the southern part of the Tahe area is relatively poor because it is covered by insoluble formations during karstification. Observations of cores and analyses of images of well logging demonstrate that these reservoirs are dominated by caves, vugs and fractures that have developed near faults. We speculate that the faults penetrating insoluble formations represent the main dissolution passages that originally developed these karstic fault systems. Additionally, we analyse a series of outcrops, seismic data, and structures to characterize the spatial geometry of these major faults and their surrounding fractures in detail. Most of these are strike-slip faults, and their subsequent reservoirs can be divided into three categories based on their development, including dendritic, sandwich and slab reservoirs. Recent studies demonstrate that karstic fault reservoirs are most common traps in the study area. Although various types of carbonate karstic fault reservoirs are represented in this region, the dendritic karstic fault reservoir is the most hydrocarbon-rich.Guided by these initial results, 108 wells were drilled from 2013 to 2014, producing 485 thousand tons of oil and yielding success ratios greater than 89%. The average production of dendritic reservoirs is 37.4 tons per day (t/d), while those of sandwich and slab types are 20.2 t/d and 14.0 t/d, respectively. These results represent significant references for future hydrocarbon exploration and the development of similar deeply buried karstic fault reservoirs in the Tarim Basin and elsewhere.  相似文献   

Complementing coal seam gas facies modelling workflows with decompaction based processes     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Differential compaction plays a key role in influencing the palaeogeographic organisation of many depositional systems. In the Jurassic Walloon Subgroup, Surat Basin, Eastern Australia, the process of compensational stacking contributes significantly to the complex coal layer architecture and is documented in mine exposure, borehole and seismic datasets. Despite this understanding, current best-practices do not formally consider the mechanics of compensational stacking when populating palaeogeography facies in coal seam gas (CSG) reservoir models. To address this limitation, a hybrid modelling workflow was developed in which numerical rules representing the process of differential compaction are used explicitly to condition an iterative workflow containing traditional geostatistical facies modelling algorithms. The workflow is facilitated by a newly developed open source plugin which allows grid decompaction in Schlumberger PETREL™ 2015. Application of the workflow was tested in a CSG production area containing closely spaced wellbores and a 3D seismic survey. In this area, facies models were constructed using both traditional geostatistical approaches and the newly developed hybrid methodology. Comparison of these models suggests that facies models constructed via unconstrained geostatistical approaches often result in unrepresentative realisations, inconsistent with coal seam architectures as observed in seismic and outcrop. The hybrid geostatistical-forward modelling approach developed during this study was better able to reproduce complex alluvial stacking patterns, particularly with respect to coal seam amalgamation, bifurcation and washout.  相似文献   

测井、井间地震与地面地震数据联合约束下的地质统计学随机建模方法研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

杨锴  艾迪飞  耿建华 《地球物理学报》2012,55(8):2695-2704

利用能够整合测井信息与井间地震信息的地质统计学随机模拟方法,结合传统的地质统计学反演思路,得到了一种能够同时整合测井、井间地震与地面地震三种先验信息的地质统计学反演与储层建模方法.由于井间射线信息、测井信息与地面地震数据在随机反演与建模过程当中都得到了尊重,因此与传统地质统计学反演仅利用了测井与地面地震数据相比,本文的地质统计学反演与建模方法更充分地利用了先验信息,有效提高了反演的精度,降低了随机建模中的多解性.基于理论数据的测试证实了上述观点.  相似文献   

福建闽江水口水库凤眼莲空间分布特征及其动态   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈潇  潘文斌  王牧 《湖泊科学》2012,24(3):391-399

为研究闽江水口水库凤眼莲空间分布特征及动态变化,根据2001-2009年水口库区无云覆盖的24幅卫星遥感影像,构建研究区域凤眼莲干流-支流分布的空间结构,并通过建立端元的混合象元线性分解模型,对福建省水口水库不同时间、不同区域的凤眼莲分布特征进行系统分析,结果表明,随着时间的推移,凤眼莲的暴发区逐渐向下游迁移,同时,支流对研究区域凤眼莲的面积有重要影响,特别是河流较长、周边有人口居住的支流是凤眼莲源头治理的重点;各种人为或自然原因造成的水体富营养化、河流流速变缓等是凤眼莲泛滥的重要原因.建议针对研究区域上游及其周边进行养殖污染、工业污染整治,强化对污染源的监督管理,推进生态环境建设与保护,建设生态功能保护区等.本研究可为了解水口水库的凤眼莲时空分布规律,进而制定相应的预防与控制管理措施提供必不可少的数据基础和理论依据.  相似文献   

雷诺数对藻类垂向分布特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

安强  龙天渝  刘春静  雷雨  李哲 《湖泊科学》2012,24(5):717-722

为研究紊流水体中藻类的垂向分布特性,依据三峡水库次级河流回水段的水动力状况,自行设计了水流实验装置,选取次级河流回水区水华高发时段的气候状况和营养盐水平为实验条件,研究了雷诺数对蓝藻、绿藻和硅藻垂向分布的影响以及雷诺数对不同水深处藻类的悬浮和聚集行为的作用.研究结果表明:在水温为20℃、光照强度为5000 lx的富营养水体中,当断面平均流速在0～0.005 m/s、雷诺数在0～1750时,蓝藻主要悬浮聚集在0.2～0.8 m的表层水体中;而当断面平均流速在0.1～0.5 m/s、雷诺数在35000～175000时,硅藻主要悬浮聚集在0.2～0.8 m的表层水体中;与蓝藻和硅藻相比,绿藻适宜的雷诺数范围更宽,当断面平均流速在0～0.05 m/s、雷诺数在0～17500时,绝大部分的绿藻都能悬浮聚集在0.2～0.8 m的表层水体中.  相似文献   

三峡水库澎溪河流域高阳回水区夏季水体CO₂分压日变化特性   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭劲松  蒋滔  李哲  陈永柏  孙志禹 《湖泊科学》2012,24(2):190-196

水柱中CO2分压(pCO2)的时空分布在一定程度上可反映水中碳的环境地化特征.本研究在夏季分层期间对三峡水库澎溪河(小江)流域高阳回水区段进行了昼夜连续观测发现,恒定的温跃层中pCO2随水深增加而显著增大,表层0.5 m处pCO2均值为152±71μatm,而在水深10.0 m处pCO2均值为4568±1089μatm,同水温、pH及DO存在明显的负相关关系,进一步分析认为水温等将影响微生物、浮游植物的代谢过程及水气界面对流传输,进而对pCO2分布产生影响.对水气界面CO2扩散通量的估算结果表明,夏季分层期间高阳水域总体上表现为CO2的汇,其对大气CO2的吸收量最大值于15:00左右,达到-0.33 mmol/(m2.h);最弱在次日凌晨3:00左右,吸收量仅为-0.17 mmol/(m2.h).  相似文献   

湖北省三峡库区秭归县头道河Ⅱ号滑坡特征及稳定性评价     

王志军  李云平  段会升  胡世利 《火山地质与矿产》2012,(2):117-123

针对湖北省三峡库区秭归县头道河Ⅱ号滑坡现状条件下的明显变形迹象,本文对该滑坡进行了综合的分析和研究,详细介绍了该滑坡的地质背景及滑坡特征。采用剩余推理法,对滑坡体在各种不同工况下的稳定性作了科学分析,并对滑坡体在三峡水库蓄水以后的稳定性作了合理评价。结果表明,滑坡体在目前状态下基本稳定,三峡水库蓄水以后,将对滑坡体稳定性产生较大影响,极有可能导致滑坡体失稳,据此结合工程实际提出了一些可行的防治措施及建议。  相似文献   

利用交会图法识别国外M油田岩性与流体类型的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐德龙  李涛  黄宝华  李娜 《地球物理学进展》2012,27(3):1123-1132

利用测井曲线进行岩性与流体类型的识别是测井解释的重要内容之一,可为油田油气藏的综合评价提供重要的基础依据.基于交会图法和岩心资料,本文分析研究了国外M油田的常规测井曲线特征与岩性和流体类型的关系.首先以岩心资料为基础,选取对岩性和孔隙流体敏感的物理量进行交会图分析识别,在现有测井资料的前提下,综合这些物理量建立了GR-BK、GR-NGR、NGR-BK、PHIE-SW交会图版,然后利用这些图版进行了岩性和流体的识别.其中:岩性主要依据自然伽马、中子伽马、电阻率交会图版来识别,流体类型主要依据饱和度和电阻率交会图版进行识别.在上面工作的基础上确定了该油田不同类型的岩性和流体的识别标准值范围:1)碳酸岩识别标准为GR<70API,NGR>2.5CU,BK<5Ω.m;砂岩识别标准为,70API162API.2)油气层有效孔隙度PHIE>20%,SW<55%,BK>2Ω.m;水层的有效孔隙度PHIE>20%,但是SW>55%,BK<2Ω.m.从上面的结果可看出,在该研究区域,该方法不仅可以区分砂岩和泥岩这样不太复杂的岩性,甚至可以区分砂岩、石灰岩和白云岩这样易混淆的岩性.最后,通过待测试数据对建立的交会图版进行检验,岩性和流体识别的准确率达到了94%和100%.本文的研究结果对中亚地区油田的岩性识别和储层预测具有重要的应用价值.  相似文献